Front Suspension
Technical Information
Designing front
suspension for trikes provides unique challenges. How does the trike perform
under heavy braking? How do you eliminate bump steer? After examining many
options we decided to develop a double leading link system. The benefits of this
system are as follows:
Bump Steer
Bump steer is a
situation in which the steering of a trike is affected by the movement of the
front suspension. The ICE front Road Response Suspension (R.R.S) eliminates
bump steer. This results from the fact that the steering track rod is
independent of the suspension system and does not move up and down with the
suspension system. This ensures that the trike does not start steering itself
when it hits larger bumps and surface irregularities.
Brake Dive
The ICE front suspension
utilises a double leading link system with anti-dive built in. This is a
feature which cannot be added to the suspension, but has to be designed in from
the start. Many cycle suspension designs have no anti-dive, and some can
even provoke diving under braking. Single link and parallel link designs
are well known for producing unwanted suspension movement when the brakes are
applied; the quicker you stop, the more undesirable the effect on the
suspension. Our double link system provides an element of stability
under braking that helps to ensure a stable and predictable steering response
under the most challenging conditions.
Dynamic handling & Minimal roll
Here at ICE we love
riding trikes which are sharp and poised with controlled and dynamic handling.
One of our concerns when developing a front suspension was to avoid developing
a trike with mushy or vague handling. To avoid this scenario, we tested
different suspension systems experimenting with differing levels of suspension
travel. We found that while longer travel systems performed well in mountain
biking situations they did not give precise on road handling without requiring
heavy and expensive anti-roll bars. At this point we decided to focus our
suspension towards road, track, and trail use, allowing us to reduce the
maximum travel to 40mm (1.57") to deliver precise handling and light
weight. We'll freely admit that our front suspension is not great for 8"
(200mm) mountain bike style drop offs, but if you're riding on roads, trails
and tracks; we feel it delivers an unmatched balance of precise handling and a
smooth comfortable ride.
Durability and Longevity
ICE trikes are
renowned for their durability and longevity, this leads to them being a popular
choice for world tours. With this in mind, we've designed our front suspension
for minimal maintenance. All moving parts are made from aircraft grade 6061 T6
aluminium which is precision ground or CNC machined followed by heat treating
and hard-anodising processes. These moving parts run in replaceable
self-lubricating bearing sleeves which are engineered to last the life of the
trike. To further aid longevity the springing system is protected from grit and
debris by a rubber gaiter.
Elastomer Based System
The ICE front Road
Response Suspension (R.R.S) system is based on a elastomeric spring unit. This
has been optimised for both small bump and large bump response and also has a
natural damping effect which helps control wheel movement over repeated surface
irregularities.
Fully Adjustable
At ICE we always
try to fit the trike to the rider. This is why we offer a selection of spring
units for the front suspension, so the suspension performance can be optimised
to rider weight and riding style.
Advanced Design and Engineering
The ICE front Road
Response Suspension has been developed using the latest Computer Aided Design
(CAD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technology. In addition to this, our
test rigs have simulated over 100,000 full load cycles to ensure the suspension
is up to rigorous use, many riders won't go this far.... but it's nice to know.
Rear Suspension
The ICE Road
Response Suspension (R.R.S) is based on a 7005 T6 series heat treated
triangulated rear frame which combines exceptional stiffness and low weight to
ensure precise handling even in extreme loading and riding situations.
Utilising self lubricating and adjustable bushes running on a precision-ground
hollow oversized stainless steel pins, the suspension pivot gives low friction
conditions and virtually eliminates stiction within the suspension system.
Our Road Response
Suspension (R.R.S) uses an elastomeric springing unit; this was selected due to
its integral damping qualities, responsiveness and low maintenance
requirements. Three grades of elastomer of differing stiffnesses combine with a
five position adjustment system allow the suspension to be quickly and easily
tuned to precisely suit the rider and riding conditions.
As with all ICE
products our Road Response Suspension was developed and optimised on our CAD
systems prior to the first development prototypes being made for testing.